Dr Mrs Madhuri P. Bhide
Professor
and H.o.D
Samhita and basic principles of Ayurved
College Of Ayurved
Bharati
Vidyapeeth ,Pune
“Comprehending viral diseases with Sushruta’s insight”
Sushrut the
master Surgeon has quoted about the tiny organisms which may harm the mankind
in his special chapter “Amanush Upasarga Pratishedh Adhyay” (Ref. Sushrut Samhita Uttartantra 60/3). ‘Amaush Upasarga ’ means the diseases caused
due to the organisms or other factors such as undue and erroneous force of
planets. In such Agantuk disease (external factors) there is no acute role of
any human being of consuming ‘Apathya
Ahar- Vihar’. The commentrator of Sushruta ,Dalhan explains micro
organisms as ‘Amanushani- Bhutani’.
These are
termed as “Rakshasaha ,Nishacharaha, Makshikaha” which destruct the
tissues and cause disaster in the body. Specially Sushrut has warned a doctor
to avoid the contact of these infections from the wounds as wounds are open and
organisms get easy entry in body.
निशाचरेभ्यो रक्ष्यस्तु नित्यमेव क्षतातुरः | Su U. 60/3
Sushrut has
explained how they enter in body and person gets infected.
यथा देहं च देहधृक् |
विशन्ति च न दृश्यन्ते ग्रहास्तद्वच्छरीरिणम् ||१९|| Su U 60/19
The way how
suksma and invisible soul enters in body , these micro-organisms enter silently
and we do not know when we get infected.
As we know virus
are innumerate, Sushrut says they are
crores and crores so there is no need to name them . Swine flu virus , corona
virus, saars , british virus and so on …….many many more to arrive worldwide
even with their mutations.
तेषां ग्रहाणां परिचारका ये कोटीसहस्रायुतपह्मसङ्ख्याः |
असृग्वसामांसभुजः सुभीमा निशाविहाराश्च तमाविशन्ति ||२२||
Su U. 60/22
All these virus are called as “Bhima”
and “Atyarth Bhayankar”
means the dreadful . The bhutas provoka
tridoshas and act as poison and suddenly create diseases.
वैद्यातुरौ निहन्युस्ते ध्रुवं क्रुद्धा महौजसः ||५५|| Su u 60/ 54
These can
create a dreadful situation and hence doctor should be competent and well
equipped.
How to prevent their entry in the body and how to repel them ?
Now a days
we use sanitizers and disinfectants ,Sushrut has advised some effective
measures for it.
सर्षपारिष्टपत्राभ्यां सर्पिषा लवणेन च |
द्विरह्नः कारयेद्धूपं दशरात्रमतन्द्रितः Su Su 19/28
Burn the
Muster seeds, Neem leaves,Saindhav salt and cow ghee and make Dhupan twice a day without any fail for 10 days.The
dhupan is called as ‘Rakshoghna vidhi’ and repels the Small organisms. Due to
fumigation the rakshas or bhuta become
Hatoujas it means they become
inactive or their liveliness becomes less. Thus this bhutas not only merely get
repelled but also become Inactive to increase doshas in the wounded patient.
All the
world is facing disaster of severe viral infections but as we have came across
to the fact that its response to every one is
different.
Many of the patients who had suffered from common cold and fever due to the
seasonal changes but all had not faced respiratory arrest. A very few of them that is only ten
percent have been faced morbid situation. It is the basic query that why
immunoresponce of each person is different ?
1 ) According to Sushruta , the ‘Atmavan’ person
who undergoes ideal diet ,has equilibrium of
doshas and whos dhatus are in healthy condition may suffer from common cold or fever due to
the doshavriddhi but can repel the viral infection without any major fatal
problem like respiratory distress.
सर्व एव व्रणाः क्षिप्रं संरोहन्त्यात्मवतां सुभिषग्भिश्चोपक्रान्ताः; अनात्मवतामज्ञैश्चोपक्रान्ताः प्रदुष्यन्ति, प्रवृद्धत्वाद्दोषाणाम् ||
Sushrut has
wisely advised that those people who are “Atmavan “will get the wounds fast
cured without any suppuration or complications due to healthy tissues but those
with “Pravriddha doshas” take a long time to heal though treated by a great
physician and with potent medicines. Though he exemplifies about the wound this
phenomenon is applicable to other diseases also.
Atidoshakar
ahar leads to suppuration of the wound.
Sushruta
refers to the Hitakar Ahar quoted by him .
हिताहितीये यच्चोक्तं नित्यमेव समाचरेत् |
Atidoshakar Ahar-
नवधान्यमाषतिलकलायकुलत्थनिष्पावहरितकशाकाम्ललवणकटुकगुडपिष्टविकृतिवल्लूरशुष्कशाकाजाविकानूपौदक-मांसवसाशीतोदककृशरापायसदधिदुग्धतक्रप्रभृतीनि परिहरेत् ||
Su Su 19/16
2) Ajirna -
Indigestion
is the major cause of the deterioration of the body tissues and
complications in body systems. Ayurved emphasizes to rule out Aam or Ajirna
always in the initial stage of disease. The diseases may get controlled or
minimize if person gets rid of the indigestion in the initial stage.
Ajirna -
अजीर्णात् पवनादीनां विभ्रमो बलवान् भवेत् |
ततः शोफरुजास्रावदाहपाकानवाप्नुयात् ||२२|| Su su 19/21
Sushruta
clearly states that indigestion aggrevates all the doshas and the wound may get
worsened due to uninhibited swelling , pain, Serous secretions and
irritated inflammation of body tissues.
Complications-
मूर्च्छा प्रलापो वमथुः प्रसेकः सदनं भ्रमः |
उपद्रवा भवन्त्येते मरणं चाप्यजीर्णतः ||५०४||
Thus if
person gets suffered from any viral disease also he should avoid heavy food,
follow light diet and get first the doshas minimized, thus his recovery becomes
fast without any severe complications.This advise of Sushrut is Noteworthy as
now a days it is observed that hospitals
treating diseases like corona gave the patients heavy and Doshavriddhikar diet
like fried Vada of black gram which should be stopped according to Ayurvedic principles.
Sushrut here
says that –
अपतर्पणमाद्य उपक्रमः; एष सर्वशोफानां सामान्यः प्रधानतमश्च ||
Dalhan- सामान्यः सर्वशोफहितः| प्रधानतम आशुरोगहरत्वात्||
Su Chi
1/11
Snigdha ,ushna,
Alpa and drava (liquid) diet is
recommended for patients. It means gruel of rice, mudga Yush is ideal for
patients.
4) Vihar-
तथा ब्रह्मचर्यनिवातशयनोष्णोदकस्नाननिशास्वप्नव्यायामाश्चैकान्ततः
पथ्यतमाः ||६||Su Su 20/6
Ekant
Hitakar Ahar is - 1) Nivat shayan
- sleeping in ventilated but in such place where direct contact of
blowing wind is not present. This factor is of utmost importance as people
sleep in Air condition or near the fan.
2) Ushnodak Snan- Regular bath with lukewarm water.
3) Nisha
Swapna- Taking adequate sleep at night. This is of utmost importance as many of
the doshas come forward due to late night vigil. Perhaps this is the current
reason of the development of sudden complications in the diseases.
4) Vyayam-
This is the most important regimen of the day as if doshas accumulate in small
amount get nullified due to exercise. Exercise makes our body active and our
body tissues remain powerful and
compact.
Body and Mental condition -
तत्र, वयःस्थानां दृढानां प्राणवतां सत्त्ववतां (आत्मवतां) च सुचिकित्स्या व्रणाः; एकस्मिन् वा पुरुषे यत्रैतद्गुणचतुष्टयं [१] तस्य सुखसाधनीयतमाः |
Su Su23/1
The young
patients, patients with compact ,elastic and tough body tissues have good
recovery graph. The people who have strong mental aptitude can bear all pains
,face the situation strongly and seldom suffer from any complication.
On the
contrary the patients with co- morbid conditions and having flaccid and flawed
body tissues like Diabetic
patients,Asthama patients and with diseases like severe skin disorders are considered in illumination of the fear of
being morbid. Sushrut has wisely stated these patients as Asadhya . These patients have Shithil
(flaccid) Dhatu and have dushta dosha
embedded in them .hence suddenly get transformed into complications.
These are
the time tested and factual sayings of the master surgeon Sushruta about the
treatment modalities and complications of viral diseases.
In the
recent pandemic of Covid 19 it is observed that world is searching for some
herbal remedy on the viral disease. Researchers are searching consequence of
the herbs like Guduchi , Shatavari , Kalmegha and many more through different research models
but mere medicines without
following Sushruta’s valuable strategies will not work effectively.
Also a mere viral infection can make a
terror campaign and can prove mortal if Sushrutas wisdom is not tagged.
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